Carbureter.



c BLKENIf Y CARBURETER. A APPLICATION FILED AUGJ. 1914. A 1 14M4 0&6, Patented May 25, 1915.

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CARBUREFJER.,

.application filed .august 7, 191e. Serial No. 855,714.

To al? /Lriom it may concern: v

Be it known that l, @nantes l5. linnn, a citizen of the'llnited States, and a resident of lenosha-in the county of Kenosha and State of lllisconsin, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Carbu- .reters, of which the following is a specification.

-My invention relates to carbureters and particularly to that class in which a piston air valve and a fuelnozzle coperatie to control thequantity and'quality of the mixture to be delivered from the carburetera Among the important objects of the invention areftoprovide improved air inletand directing mechanism for causing morey efficient fuel-feed andI more efficient mixture of the'fuel with the airbefore delivery from `adapted to be readily and quickly installed in different styles of cars.

The above and other features of the invention are shown on the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a side elevationalview of the' carbureter, a part of the inclosing shell being broken away; Fig. 2 is a plan view; Fig. 3 is a sectional view on plane f5-#3, Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a` sectionalview likel Fig. 3 but showinga different adjustment of the fuel" valve; Fig. 5 -is a sectional view on plane 5 5, Fig. 3; and Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of thelpiston valve.

. The carbureter proper comprises a cylindrical cup-shaped body 10 which has the top flange 11 adapted for connection with the inlet pipe or manifold of an engine. The upper part of the body forms a mixing chamber 12 from which the outlet is controlled by the butterfly valve 13 mounted on a shaft 14 from which the actuating lever 15 extends. Thesliaft 'also carries a hub 16 Specification of Letters Patent.

lPatented "May 2359 fait?.

.from which extend abutment armsl 17 and 18 for cooperating 'with the abutment 1.9 to limit the opening and closure movement of the valve.

Adaptedfto reciprocate in the body part is a cup-shaped piston valve 20. This valve has in its base the opening 21 and in its cylindrical wall has the zone of; airinlet ports 22,22 adapted to register with inlet passageways 23, 23 in the body 10. The base of the body l0 has the opening 24 through which passes the lower end of a Venturi tube structure 25. rlhe upper end of thisv tube structure is externally. cylindrical and passes through the opening 21 in the base of the piston air valve, a collar or flange26 on the tube forming a seat for the, piston or valve when in its lowermost position. The base of the tube structure 25 has the opening 27 through which extends the stem 28 whose upper end is tapered to form the nozzle 29. rlhe opening 27 is threaded and the stem 28 is also threaded inl order that vertical adjustment of the nozzle within the Venturi tube may be readily accomplished. Below the base of the body 10 the .tube 2G has radial air inlet passageways 30, the Venturi passageway through the tube contracting gradually toward the nozzle outlet and then flaring at its upper end. Preferably the nozzle outlet. is normally at the narrowest part of the tube in order that air entering through passageways 30 will during its-passage through the tube have obtained` its greatest velocity and concentration adjacent the nozzle outlet, the suction effect on the nozzlebeing then the moet effi.- cient. The air and the fuel withdrawn thereby from the nozzle will immediately mix and will be thrown radially outwardly from the end of the Venturi tube toward the zone of air passageways 23 4in the bodyl() in order that when these passageways are opened as the piston valve is raised the additional incoming air will meet the mixture' coming from the Venturi tube and an efficient final mixture will takeqplace before delivery from the carloureter.l j

The flow of fuel from thenozzle is controlled by the needle valve 3l secured to the diametral cross bar of the piston valve and depends therefrom linto the nozzle.

Then the air valve and nozzle are separated more fuel will flow and when they are brought together less will flow, the fuel being fed in any suitable manner to the lie l nozzle through the stem bore 33 and radial passageways 34 thereto: The nozzle stem 28 having threaded engagement in the base' of the Venturi tube and the flange 26 on the tube limiting the downward movement of the piston valve, the nozzle .can be readily adjusted with refe-rence to the needle valve. As best shown in Fig. 3, the piston valve normally re's'ts on the collar of the Venturi tube with its ports 22 justI below the inlet nozzle but does not quite close it, the vnozzle outlet being always above the level of fuel in areservoir which will be described later.

VWhen an engine is started the suction will directly cause fuel to be drawn upwardly through the nozzle and will cause air to be drawn into the Venturi tube-through passageways 30, this 11p-flowing air concenf trating and acquiring velocity through the restricted Venturi tube and producing suction effectv at the nozzle outlet to assist the direct suction thereon in drawing fuel from the nozzle. deiiected radially outwardly by the flaring end of the Venturi tube and will meet ad# ditional air coming in through ports 22 as the valve is raisedby the engine suction to bring these ports into register with the body passageways 23, final mixture taking place in theupper part of the body 10 before delivery to the engine A stop block 35 is preferably provided in thebody 10 to limit the upward movement of the piston valve.

In prior structures involving a cylindrical body it is necessary to provide guide means for the vlve in order to keep the ports of the valve in vertical alinement with the air passageways and to `prevent the partitions between the ports fromoverlying the4 air passagewa`ys. One of the important ob-fI jects of my invention is to eliminate the in stalling of such special guide means. As clearly shown in the figures the b ands 22 remaining in the air valve a-fter the ports 22 are cut therein are bowed or bent inwardly. Vith this arrangement it is unnecessary to provideguide means for preventing rotation of the valve as even though the curved bands should overlie the passageways 23 in body 10 they will not interferev with nor reduce the flow of air.

Another object of the invention is to prevent uttering or pounding of the air valve while the engine is working. lJVhere the air valve is free to reciprocate it will follow the movements of the engine piston particularly at the lower speeds and the valve will suddenly drop as soon as the suction effect is reduced and will strike its stop.. To prevent such fluttering of the air valve I provide check valves 36, eachvalve comprising a cup a extending through the base of the body 10 and opening into the body, the 'cup ,being provided with a valve outlet b normally closed by a ball c, a bar al preventing carbureter parts.

The mixture of air and fuel is haust or otherwise.

escape of the ball. As the base of the `air valve closely encircles the Venturi tube 25, the bottom of the body 10 together with the tubc and the base of the valve forms a dash pot'trz-ether with the check valves, this dash pot pr venting sudden downward -move ment o.- the azr valve as the suction decreases .i-.nd te prevent fluttering of the valve dining running of the engine. The air valve can, however, quickly respond to the suction and during running of the engine will be practically maintained in its upper position and prevented from suddenly dropping at the end of' each engine stroke.

The structure thus far described can be used alone together with some other oil feed tothe stem 28. However, .I prefer to provide a housing or" supporting frame for, the. As shown, suchhousingi comprises a central cylindrical part 37 concentric with the body 10 but of larger diameter` and of a height to surround the air passageways 23. Alateral cylindrical extension 38 from the part 37 has pivoted therein a butterfly valve 39- for control-'" ling the air iow to the carbureter parte the valve being pivoted on a stem 39 cured thereto a hub I4t) yfrom which, extend operating levers 41 and 42, the throw of the levers being controlled by stops 43 and 44 coperating with an abutment post 45.y The extension 38 may take, in air di-.K

rectly from atmosphere or it moytconnect with a pipe leading from some device4 in which the air isheated by .the engine ex- Where the frame is thus connected with an air heating source a direct air inlet 46 maybe provided in the part 38 and controlled by a shutter 47. In

i which extends to the exterior and has sethe base of the frame part 37 is a threaded pocket 48 in which the-threaded lower end of the Venturi tube structure 25' seats. The collar 26 on this Venturi tube structure engages against the inside of the base of the body lO, and extending downwardly from said base are pins 49 for spacing the body sufficiently away from the bottom of the part 37 to permit free passa e of air through the check valves` 36. en the Venturi tube is screwed into the pocket 48 the collar 26 will draw the pins against the bottom ofthe part 37 and will thus lock the.

speetively.

inerenti the neclr 50. 1Within this neck is a sleeve till whose yenternal diameter is less than the in ternal diameter of the neck and whose internal diameter is greater than the diameter of the stem in order to provide external and internal -annulareornpartments 55 and 56 re- The low-er end of the sleeve is of enlarged diameter' to lit the neck and stein and is beveled in order' to coperate. with the beveled collar 57 to forni a space e for receiving packing material p. The collar 57-extends from the hollow nut 58 which has threaded engagement with the exterior n of neck 50. rEhe upper section 50 of the ie.'

neck 50 lis of' reduced internal diameter to fit the 'stem 28, and its lower surface is beveled vto cooperate with the upper beveled surface `of a ring 59 to form a space for packing material p', the sleeve -54 abutting at its upper end against the ring59. With this arrangement when the nut 58 is drawn up the annular compartments 55 and 56 are inclosed and leakage therefrom prevented. rllhe fuel kduct 53 leads to the outer chamber 55 and the fuel can flow to the inner chainber through passageways G0, the radial pas sageways 34; to the bore of stem 28 communieating with the inner chamber. The arrangement is such that the outlet of the nozzle is lat alltimes sufficiently above. the level of the' fuel in the lreservoir to .prevent the flow of fuel from vthe nozzle except when the engine is running. In the reservoir shown l have provided a float 61 which rests on the outer arms of bell crank levers 62, 63 i pivoted between ears 64C and 65 on the inner face of a plug 66 and at the opposite sides of the centraly bore 67 through the plug. The inner ends 68, 69 of the levers are forked for receiving between themthe valve pin 70 which coperates with the lseat 7l provided in the block 66. The pin extends from a stem 7'2which rests on4 the forked ends 68, 69 and tends to counter balance the oat. The reservoir is provided with a cover 73 which has the central sleeve 74 through which the upper end of the stein 72 extends, a cap 75 being provided for this sleeve. .Extending from the lower end of .the plug G6 is a fitting 76 adapted forcenneetion with a fuel supply pipe.

The operation of dei-stood.

lVhen there is no fuel in the reservoir the floatwill press on the outer arms of the bell crank levers .and cause the stein 72 toy be raised to lioldthe valve pin' 7 0 from its seat and fuel will flow into the' reservoir. When the fuel reaches .a certainlevel and buoys up the floatthe lweight of the. float on the levers will gradually lessen until a predetermined levelis reached at which time the weight of the valve pin and4 stem will have overcome the weight of the float and the valve closed against further fuel inflow. A vent 77 is the floatis readily iin- The fuel flows from the reservoir through.

duet and chambers and 56 into the stein 28 and thence upwardly into the nozzle whose outlet end is always slightlyabove the level of the fuel .in the' reservoir. AWhen the engine .is started air will enter through extension 38 and -will flow first into the Venturi ltube through the iassagevvays 30 and will then flow upwardly through the contracted V..s`itiiii tube te effect suction en the nozzle which 'together with the direct suction on the nozzle will cause fuel to be kdrawn out of the nozzle and this fuel is immediately picked up by the air and 4mixed therewith. The mixture is thrown radially outwardly by the flaring end of the Venturi tube to mix with the air flowing through i passagewfays 23 and 2d as vsoon as the air valve is raised high enough to vbring .these passageways into registration. @wing 'to the provision of a dash potA below the piston valve flutter-ing .of the valve is pre-vented particularly dui-ing the starting period of the engine.

lf a richer Amixture is desired the stein 28 is turned ito effect downward movement ofv the nozzle to bring the nozzle `outlet to a smaller dian'ieter of the needle valve, while if a less rich mixture is desired the stem 28 is turned to effect upward shift of the nozzle to bring its outlet to a larger diameter of 'the needle valve.

The parts 37 and 38 and 52- of the housing are preferably in the form of an integral casting and may be of aluminum. `With such light housing. and with the simple c`afrburizing parts the structure is very light 'and small.

iie

clamping ring 80 whose lugs 81 and 82 are.'

connected-by a screw 83. When the screw is loosened the body 10 can be freely rotated to bring the coupling flange 1l in any angular position and upon tightening of the lscrew the ring will be contracted and the sections of 'the :flange 7 8 between the slots 7 9 will be drawn against the body l() to hold it in place. This adjustment can readily be made to enable better and more ready installation of the carbureter under different conditions. 'life provide for more efficient iso operation of the engine when it isfidling and to prevent stopping thereof under .such slow running conditions, I prov-ide a smalll hole 8.4 through the throttle valve 13, this opening being centrally through the valve or as close to the center yas possible.- When .the engine is idling the butterfly valve is practically wholly closed, and I have found lthat withoutsuch hold 84 the air which is drawn into and slowly through the Venturi tube will tend to hug the wall thereof and iiow more orles's radially to escapev around the edges of the practically closed throttle valve, .and that at times therefore there is not suflicient suction effectl on the nozzle to draw enoughl fuel to keep the engine going and the engine stops suddenly. However, by providing a hole 84: the air will tend to flow more toward .the axis of the Venturi tube along the outside of the nozzle iii order to escape through' the hole in the throttle valve and there greater suction effect on the nozzle and sufficient fuel is at all times drawnfout withthe airto keep the engine running idle at very slow speed.

I claim- 1. In a carbureter, the combinationof a' cylindrical body part, an air/duct extending upwardly into said body ypart, said duct opening to atmosphere at its lower end and y part and having air ports, said body part having air lpassageways,v said valve ports being entirely below said' body part air passageways when the valve is in its lowermost position, a nozzle extending upwardly through-,said air duct, a needle valve suspended from the air valve and -extending into said nozzle, said nozzle being longitudinally adjustable in said airduct, and

I means fordelivering fuel to' said nozzle.-

2.'In a carbureter, the combination of a cylindrical body part having air passageways, an air duct extending upwardly into the body part through the-base thereofl and open `at its outer end to air,..a cup-shaped xpiston air valve having an opening'. at its base for receiving-said duct, said duct having astop for limiting the downward movelnient of said air -valve and said air valve having air ports which are entirely below the body part air passageways when the air Valve rests on said stop, a fuel nozzle extending. longitudinally into said air duct,

a"need1e valve carried by said air valve andl extending into said nozzle, 'said nozzle being adjustable in said air duct, and means for delivering fuel to the nozzle.

cylindrical body part, a Venturi air tube "extending into said body part, a nozzle projectingl into said Venturi tube and adjust.- able therein from the exterior, a cup-shaped piston air valve reciprocable in said body 3. In a carbureter, the combination lof a' part, ports in4 said air valve and air pas'-`- sageways in said body part, and a fuel valve extending from said piston air valve and coperating with said nozzle to control the flow of fuel therefrom.

4. In a caibureter, the combination of a cylindrical cup-shaped body part having an opening through its base, a Venturi air tub seatedin said opening and extending int the body part and having its outer pa'i't opent*- 75 tube and adapted for connection with a source of fuel, and a needle valve carried by said piston valve and extending into said nozzle to control the flow of fuel therefrom.

' 5. In a carburetei, tlie.combination of a l cylindrical body part, carbureting mechanism associated therewith, .a couplingfla-nge at the outer end of said bodyv part, an inclosing fiame having a passageway into v which said body part detachably extends, -and a clamping ring. engaging said incl0s ing frame to clamp said frame to the body part after adjustment of said body part to bringthe coupling liange 'into desired posi-l tion.

6. Ina carbureter, the combination of a cup-shaped body parthaving an opening in its base, a Venturi tube frame extending iii'to said body lpart through said opening and open to atmosphere below said body part, said tube having a shoulder and the section above said shoulder being of cylindrical outer surface, a cup-shaped piston valve having an opening in its base for receiving saidA cylindrical'section of the Venturi tube and the shoulder oii said tube forming an abutment'for said valve to limit the downward movement thereof, a nozzle extending into said tube, a needle valve extending from y said piston into said nozzle, said piston valve responding to suction created in said body part when an engine is connected therewith, the space between the lower walls of said body part and the base of said piston valvel and the sides of said Venturi tube forming a dash `pot compartmentv for the piston valve, and check valves communicating with said compartment for allowing ready respouse of the piston valve to suction but for retarding its return. movement.

7. In a carbureter, the combination of a. supporting frame, a Venturi tube secured to and. extending upwardly .from said frame and having air inlet at its lower end, a body part extending intosaid frame and having an opening iif its base for receiving said tube, said tube having a' shoulder for retaining said body part-in said firameganozzle extending intosaid Venturi-tube, a piston valve reciprocable within, said.. body part, and a needle valve' carried by saidjpi's- 1 -ton Valve and extending in to said `nozzle.

8. In a carbureter, the combination of ya supporting frame, a cup-shaped body part extending.. int'o`said frame 'and having an opening'in its base, a Venturi tube having its lower end extending throughsaidopen-v ing and secured in said frame and having a -shoulder for `engaging the base of the body part to retain the body part in the frame,.a

nozzle .extended into said Venturi tube, al

piston valve reciprocable within said .body

part, and a needle valve'extending.freni.saidl piston valve into said nozzle. y I .l

9. In a carbureter, the combination. off-a supporting and inclosing frame, ya "eupshaped body part extending into said frame and havingV spacing extensionson its base for engaging said frame, the .base of said body part, having an opening, a Venturi tube having its lower end extended through said opening and secured to the body part, a shoulder on. said tube for engaging the base of the body part to retain it in said frame,

said tube having' air inlets communicating.

with the space between the baseof the body part and said frame, a nozzle extending into ,said Venturi tube from the exterior of said lframe, a piston valve reciprocable in -said i body part', and a needle valve carried by4 said piston .valve and extending into said nozzle.l

l0; I n a carbu'reter, the combination of an inclosing frame', a Venturi tube secured at its base to saidframe and extending upwardly therein,.a cup-shaped bodyypvart extended into said frame and having an opening in its .base for receiving said tube,a cupshaped piston zvalve within the body part haiingan opening in .its base for receiving said tube, a' nozzle extended into-said'tube from the exterior of 'said frame, and ak nee-- .dle valve carried by the piston valveand extending into said nozzle.

11. In a earbureter, the combination of an carried. b saidl `t o said frame.

-inclosing trarne, da' Venturi tube secured at .its base to said lfranr'ie and extending up- Wardl there/ima cup-shapedbody part ex-v tende into said jframe and having an openingin its base for receiving said tube, a cupl shaped piston valve within thefbody. part I, having-an'f'openin'g Ain its basefor receiving 'saidt-ube, a nozzle4 extended through said frame from. the exteriorfthereofvand into said Venturi tube, said nozzle having threaded engagement with the base of said tube' andl having a. head -at its outer end-whereby i'tmaybe readilyzturnedto be Aadjuete'd with reference to said tubeand'a needle valve'y said-nozz e.

piston '-'andf'e'xtending into 12. In a carbureter, the combination. ofan inclosi'ng.l frame having a neck, a bodypart. extendlng intol said frame through said v. neck, carbureting mechanism" within Vsaldi-1 body part, and `a clampingstrap'A encircling said neck to clamp said body part; securely A13. In a carbureter, thecoinbination' ofan inclosing framehaving a slitted neck, a bdy body part,rand` a clamping strapfencircling part to said frame. v Y

' 14. In a carbureter, the combination of a.

body part, a Venturi tube extending into said body part,.a nozzle extending upwardly into said Venturi tube through the base thereof and having threaded' engage-` ment with said b ase whereby itmay be longitudinally adjusted with reference to said tube, a pistonvalve within. the body-part,` and! a needle valveextending from said piston Valve into said nozzle. 1

In witness whereof I hereunto. subscribe my name this 3rd day of August, A. D. 1914:.

CHARLES B. KENT. Witnesses 

